决策的约束及有效决策的制度安排

决策面临决策问题选择、决策项目分析和可行方案搜寻等三个约束,任何方面的缺失都导致决策失当。决策者本身的因素、外部对决策者的影响对决策次序和议事日程产生影响,组织结构化形成知识层级进而影响组织知识、组织内决策博弈和治理结构等因素决定决策分析的效果,方案集的“关闭”损害了方案集的完备性,直接决定了方案的性质以及选择。有效的决策需要社会资本的支持,需要决策制度保障。     

数据资产统计与核算问题研究

伴随着数字化技术与经济社会各领域的深度融合,数据呈现爆发式增长趋势和多元化应用价值.数据作为新型资产,应以何种方式纳入统计和国民经济核算,从而在宏观经济统计数据中客观、科学地体现数据资产在经济社会发展中发挥的重要作用,是统计和国民经济核算理论亟待突破的时代难题.本文基于国民经济核算研究范式,结合理论研究及实地调研,提出描述数据生产过程的"数据价值链",以明确"数据"作为关键生产要素的概念及生产属性,并结合数据的特征,提出数据资产的概念,进一步基于数据支出资本化核算的基本分类,探索数据资产价值的测度方法和基础统计资料来源.本文试图为中国数据资产统计与核算工作提供理论依据和方法支撑,为数字化转型背景下国民经济核算理论、统计标准和调查方法创新做出贡献.     

悖论式领导行为对员工创造力的影响研究北大核心CSSCI

基于社会认知理论和创造力双路径模型,以武汉、广州、苏州等调查区域的67个团队中的256对匹配领导-下属为样本,探讨悖论式领导行为对员工创造力的影响。从下属的行为反应视角出发,检验员工的努力工作和聪明工作的中介作用以及员工特质调节焦点的调节作用。研究结果表明,悖论式领导行为对员工创造力具有显著的正向影响。员工的努力工作和聪明工作在悖论式领导行为和员工创造力之间起部分中介作用。员工单一调节焦点特征负向调节了悖论式领导行为与员工努力工作、聪明工作的关系,而且还负向调节了员工努力工作、聪明工作的中介作用。当员工同时拥有高促进型调节焦点和高防御型调节焦点时,悖论式领导行为对员工的努力工作的积极影响更强。本文拓展了悖论式领导行为对员工创造力影响机制的研究思路,并探索了悖论式领导有效性的边界条件。     

Balancing Inventory and Stockout Risk in Retail Supply Chains Using Fast‐Ship

In this study, we consider a two‐retailer, one‐supplier supply chain in which retailers satisfy excess demand by offering to directly ship out‐of‐stock items on an expedited basis at no extra cost to customers. This practice is referred to as the fast‐ship option. We consider two scenarios along with the fast‐ship option. In the first scenario, retailers transship when out of stock, whereas in the second scenario, they do not. If they do not transship, some customers may perform the search on their own. In each scenario, the wholesale prices are either exogenous, or chosen endogenously by the supplier. For both cases, we determine the supplier's and the retailers’ optimal decisions. The key research question we ask and answer is the following: which of the two scenarios is preferred by either player when all decisions are made optimally? We show that when fewer customers are willing to search on their own and wholesale prices are exogenous, both the supplier and the retailers prefer to transship. In addition, the decision maker in a centralized chain will have the exact same preference as that of players in a decentralized setting when the retailers’ and the supplier's preferences coincide and wholesale prices are exogenous. This preference concordance does not hold if wholesale prices are endogenous.     

基于外部比较下的服务补救后顾客行为意向的探讨

本研究探讨了同一顾客在一家企业经历了服务失败和服务补救后与在另外一家企业从未遭遇过服务失败的比较下其行为意向,为服务补救的研究提供了新的视角。本研究考察了顾客归因对服务补救预期的影响,验证了顾客的补救预期越高则其满意度越低,满意度越高则其行为意向越积极,证明了顾客的行为意向不仅受到满意度的影响还受到顾客感知的服务失败严重程度的影响。     

转型背景下企业外部关系网络、战略导向对战略变化速度的影响研究

本文针对转型背景下市场环境的独特性,以社会网络理论和动态能力理论为基础,探讨了企业外部网络范围和网络强度对战略变化速度的影响,以及不同战略导向的企业在利用网络推动战略变化过程中的差异.研究提出了六个理论假设,并采用198个企业的样本数据进行了实证检验.研究发现,网络范围和网络强度对战略变化速度有不同影响,而不同战略导向的企业在利用网络方面也存在显著差异.研究拓展了以往战略变化方面的文献,并为中国转型背景下企业的战略调整活动提供了有针对性的理论指导.     

信息性交易概率与股价同步性

财务学研究将资本资产定价模型的统计量R2作为股价同步性的度量指标,而对R2代表的经济含义学者们持有信息论和噪声论两种对立观点。在文献回顾的基础上,深入分析中国股价同步性所代表的经济含义以及知情交易对股价同步性的影响,并以深市2003年至2004年在主板交易的上市公司为研究对象,采用EKOP模型估计股票的信息性交易概率,将其作为知情交易的直接度量,构建线性回归模型,对中国信息性交易概率与股价同步性的关系进行实证检验。研究结果表明,信息性交易概率与股价同步性之间呈高度负向相关,即知情交易通过增加股价中的信息含量降低股价同步性。由于市场层面的信息与公司特质信息对股价同步性的影响不同,进一步将信息性交易概率分解为市场信息性交易概率和个股信息性交易概率,分别纳入回归模型中进行检验。结果显示,个股信息性交易概率对股价同步性有负向影响,市场信息性交易概率与股价同步性有正相关关系。上述研究发现为R2股价信息含量的解释提供了有利的实证支持。     

Optimal Coordination in Distributed Software Development

The construction of a software system requires not only individual coding effort from team members to realize the various functionalities, but also adequate team coordination to integrate the developed code into a consistent, efficient, and bug‐free system. On the one hand, continuous coding without adequate coordination can cause serious system inconsistencies and faults that may subsequently require significant corrective effort. On the other hand, frequent integrations can be disruptive to the team and delay development progress. This tradeoff motivates the need for a good coordination policy. Both the complexity and the importance of coordination is accentuated in distributed software development (DSD), where a software project is developed by multiple, geographically‐distributed sub‐teams. The need for coordination in DSD exists both within one sub‐team and across different sub‐teams. The latter type of coordination involves communication across spatial boundaries (different locations) and possibly temporal boundaries (different time zones), and is a major challenge that DSD faces. In this study, we model both inter‐ and intra‐sub‐team coordination in DSD based on the characteristics of the systems being developed by the sub‐teams, the deadline for completion, and the nature of division adopted by the sub‐teams with respect to development and integration activities. Our analysis of optimal coordination policies in DSD shows that integration activities by one sub‐team not only benefit that sub‐team (as is the case in co‐located development) but can also help the other sub‐teams by providing greater visibility, thereby resulting in a higher integration frequency relative to co‐located development. Analytical results are presented to demonstrate how the characteristics of the projects and the sub‐teams, and the efficiency of communication across the sub‐teams, affect coordination and productivity. We also investigate the pros and cons of using specialized integration sub‐teams and find that their advantage decreases as the project schedule becomes tighter. Decentralized decisions and asymmetric subsystems are also discussed.     

关系质量、关系行为与物流外包绩效——基于中国制造企业的实证研究

本文提出了物流外包情境下关系质量的六个维度:信任、承诺、依赖、专用性投资、感知的机会主义行为和创新;构建了以关系行为为中间变量的关系质量提升物流外包绩效的理论模型,并以492家中国制造企业为研究样本进行实证检验。研究结果表明,关系质量对物流外包绩效有显著直接正向影响,也通过作用于关系行为的中间过程对物流外包绩效产生间接影响;信任、专用性投资、创新对关系行为的正向影响显著;感知的机会主义行为对关系行为具有显著的负向影响;承诺和依赖对关系行为的影响均不显著。     

Managing Supply Disruptions when Sourcing from Reliable and Unreliable Suppliers

We study a manufacturer's optimal multiple‐sourcing strategies when some but not all suppliers face risks of complete supply disruptions. Using an approximate model, we show that the optimal unreliable orders are ranked by a simple and intuitive criterion, and are invariant of minor market size changes. Furthermore, when ordering from one reliable and one unreliable supplier, we show that the total order quantity and its allocation between the two suppliers are independent decisions. We then test and confirm the robustness of the insights without the approximation, as well as when we relax various assumptions.